Understanding and Attributing Climate Change — IPCC AR4 Working Group I, Chapter 9

By Selectra UK | Article reviewed and updated by Cornelia Zavoianu, Selectra Energy Expert | Updated 11 July 2026 | 3 min read

This is Chapter 9, ‘Understanding and Attributing Climate Change’, from Working Group I’s contribution to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (2007). It was written by an international team led by coordinating lead authors Gabriele C. Hegerl and Francis W. Zwiers.

Understanding and Attributing Climate Change — IPCC AR4 WGI Chapter 9

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What this document is

This is Chapter 9, “Understanding and Attributing Climate Change”, from Working Group I’s contribution to the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. Working Group I assesses the physical-science basis of climate change, and this chapter deals specifically with detecting observed changes and attributing their causes.

The coordinating lead authors were Gabriele C. Hegerl (USA, Germany) and Francis W. Zwiers (Canada), supported by lead authors including Pascale Braconnot, Nathan P. Gillett, Yong Luo, José A. Marengo Orsini, Neville Nicholls, Joyce E. Penner and Peter A. Stott, together with a large team of contributing authors from around the world.

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